History of Montenegro
Modern Montenegrin history begins in the 400 and 500s when the Slavs entered the region, but for most of the next 500 years remained under the rule of, first Rome, then Byzantium.
In 1042 present-day Montenegro gained independence from the Byzantium Empire, but from the late 1100s it became a Serbian possession on and off until 1499 when the entire region was overrun by the Turks. In the 1600s the Montenegrins rebelled against the Turks and as the Ottoman Empire slowly shrank, Montenegro gained its freedom until around 1800 when the Austrians took over. In 1878 Montenegro again gained independence and worked well with their neighbors, including the Turks to keep the peace.
In 1912 and 1913 the Balkan Wars broke out to finally end Ottoman Turkish domination over the Balkan Peninsula. The first of these wars united Serbia, Montenegro, Bulgaria, and Greece against the Turks, which ended with a Turkish defeat. War however broke out the following year with the new Turkish government, and again the Balkan countries won this war to finally end Turkish dominance in the region.