The famous architecture in Bukhara and Samarkand continued through the 1500s and 1600s. The Registan was built in Samarkand at this time, including the Ulugbek Madrassa.
In the 1700s Khiva rose in power and a number of buildings were built during this time. The Tashkhauli Palace (1830s) and the Kakaminar Minaret (1855) are impressive, although the shape and the design of the city walls might be more mesmerizing.
During this same time, in the 1800s other forms of more permanent architecture were created, including simple home and mosques. These buildings maintained similar styles and techniques as the earlier monuments as most buildings were made with brick.
At this same time though the Russians had entered the region and in the 1900s the Soviets took power. With Soviet rule they shifted the borders and Uzbekistan gained the cities of Bukhara and Samarkand, which were previously under Tajik rule.
Most of the large cities in Uzbekistan, most particularly the capital of Tashkent, were built under Soviet rule in the 1900s and the Soviet's simple construction focused on use over esthetics and can be seen everywhere. During this time period many buildings were constructed for housing and industrial plants as a mass urbanization occurred.
Since the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991 a number of modern and post-modern buildings have been built, again these new buildings have been focused in the capital.